Mitigation of Greenhouse gases deals with measures to reduce the vulnerability of a certain sector to climate change through minimizing net emissions. In this paper, mitigation scenarios aimed at reducing Jordan methane emissions from sewage treatment plants and sanitary landfill sites were proposed and investigated. In the case of sewage treatment plants, As-Samra plant (the largest in Jordan) was selected for this mitigation study. Two scenarios (I and II) were proposed, the first was to expand the plant by the year 2005 using waste stabilization ponds the current treatment technology, and the second scenario involved switching the treatment technology to activated sludge type when the expansion starts in the year 2005. For sanitary landfills, the proposed mitigation scenario was the construction of two biogas plants, each with a processing capacity of 1,000tons of solid waste per day at Rusaifeh and Akaider—the two largest landfills in Jordan at the beginning of the year 2005. For As-Samra plant, the cumulative reduction in methane emissions by the year 2030 was calculated to be 49 and 146Gg under mitigation scenarios I and II, respectively. On the other hand, the biogas plant scenario reduces the methane emissions at each landfill by 28.1Gg annually. The total emission reduction from both landfills in the life span (25years) of the biogas plants will be about 1,406Gg CH4. In addition, this scenario generates electricity at a cost of 4.6cents per kWh, which is less than the Jordan electric long-run marginal cost of generation at 5.5cents/kWh.
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- Background to the study
- Statement of the Problem
- Research questions
- The Objectives of the Study
- Significance of the Study
- Scope of the Study
- Operational Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Theoretical Framework
2.2 Review of Relevant concept
2.3 Review of Empirical Study
2.4 Research Hypotheses
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques
3.4 Research Instrument
3.5 Validation of the Research Instrument
3.6 Reliability of the Research Instrument
3.7 Research Procedure
3.8 Methods of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULT AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Data presentation and analysis
4.2 Testing of hypothesis
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of Study
5.3 Summary of Major Findings
5.4 Recommendations
5.5 Limitation of the Study
5.6 Suggestions for Future Research
References
Appendix