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AN ASSESSMENT OF INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAM ON PUPILS ENROLLMENT, ATTENDANCE AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction

This chapter reviews literature related to the study on the influence of School Feeding
Programs and pupils’ enrollment, attendance and academic performance. It is organized in
to eight parts namely: introduction, history of school feeding, theoretical framework
review, empirical findings on the influence of school feeding programs in the schooling
process, factors influencing school enrollment, impact of school feeding program,
conceptual framework and the knowledge gap.
2.2 History of the School Feeding Program
In 1930s, the United States and the United Kingdom utilized food for education (FFE) to
improve children’s health (Gokah, 2008). These early programs took the form of school
feeding program (SFP), when participants were fed meals or snacks at school. In Brazil
after the Second World War in 1945,, School Nutrition and Food Security Program
(SNFSP) in schools was introduced (Swartz, 2009). In the implementation of this
program, Brazil adopted a decentralization approach as a strategy to manage the program.
Brazil also introduced the local school meals councils, which involved representatives
from the government, teachers, parents and civil society organizations (WFP, 2009).
South Africa also introduced free supply of milk as school feeding program in the early
1940’s for schools of whites and colored. The program provided fortified biscuits, nutrient
supplementation or full meals (Tomlinson, 2007). The SFP was also introduced in Malawi
and it was called Food for Education (FFE). It served school meals and/or snacks in order
to reduce short–term hunger and achieve commonly expected academic outcomes to
improve school enrollment, attendance and learning capacity. In Malawi in general this
program, targeted learners from poor families especially girls, orphans and vulnerable
children (Swartz, 2009).

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Delimitations of the Study
1.7 Limitation of the study
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Review of Related Literature
2.2 Empirical Studies
2.3 Theoretical Framework
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Area of the Study
3.3 Research Design
3.4 Population of the Study
3.5 Sample and Sampling Technique
3.6 Research Instrument
3.7 Validation of the Instrument
3.8 Data Collection Technique
3.9 Data Analysis Technique
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS
AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data Presentation
4.3 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of Findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendations
5.5 Suggestions for Further Research
References
Appendix


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